Respiratory diseases are the main focus to doctors because they are common. Most patients who visit the doctor complain about some kind of respiratory disease. Early diagnosis can be done if the specialists are connected to therelated fields such as physiasia, pulmonology, oncology, occupational pathology, allergology, bronchology and functional diagnostics.
The most informative method of radiation imagine in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases is computed tomography (CT) scan. It provides a visual picture of the condition of all the structural elemsnts of the chest in form a ”geographical map” where you can:
- Determine localization: Extra- and intra-light (in the chest wall, pleura, mediastinus, respiratory organs).
- Assess the prevalence of the disease (segment, lobe, lung, both lungs, involvement in the process of pleura, mediatisation organs)
- Obtain important anatomical-morphological data on the lesion of pulmonary parenchyma, bronchus, vessels, lymph nodes, to clarify the nature of the lesion:
- Anomalies in the development of the bronchopulmonary system
- Infectious – Inflammatory – pneumonia, tuberculosis, mycosis and pneugal.
- Tumours – Benign, primary and secondary malignant formations.
- Interstitial lung disease.
- Circulatory disorders in the small circle – Pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, stagnation and pulmonary swelling.
- Injuries – Bruised and ruptured lung, damage to the tracheobronchial tree, rupture of vessels, etc.
Multi-layered spiral computed tomography (MCC) on 64 detector and more powerful tomography scanners allows scanning of the entire chest with thick slices of 1 – 0.5 mm at a lower dose of radiation and includes:
- Standard study
- Additional techniques:
- Special image conversion algorithms, changing the thickness of the tomography layer
- Enhanced image in intravenous pain medication
- CT angiography
- Multi-positional study
- Functional research
Indications for COMputed tomography:
- Primary assessment of pathological changes in lung tissue, mediastinum and pleura.
- Differential diagnosis previously identified by other methods of changes in the lungs, mediastina and pleura.
- Assessment of dynamics after treatment.
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